Nuclear Physics Concepts

   Saturday, August 15, 2020   

Nuclear Physics Concepts include all Definitions, Laws, Diagrams, Rules, Examples, Results etc.

Page 1

Principle and construction of cathode ray tube | Working of the electron gun, the deflecting system and the fluorescent screen in hot cathode ray tube | Uses of a cathode ray tube | Photon | Rutherford's nuclear model of atom | Kinetic,potential and total energy of electron | Thomson's model | Solve problem on cathode ray tube

Page 2

Atomic mass unit | Use the relationship between radius of a nucleus and its mass number | Definition and importance of valency | Atomic Energy in India | Describe construction and working of Geiger - Muller counter Experiment | Geiger Marsden experiment

Page 3

Trajectory of αα particles in an electric field | Distance of closest approach to the nucleus of an alpha paticle | Atom, Element and Molecules | Atoms, Element and Molecules | Absorption spectrum | Emission spectrum | Emission spectrum for hydrogen | Absorption Spectrum | Emission Spectrum | Various Kinds of Spectrum

Page 4

Continuous Spectrum | Spectral series | Bohr's model | Bohr radius | Accelerated atomic electron spiral into nucleus | Electron orbits | Orbital radius and electron velocity | Quantum number of orbit | Electron distribution in orbit or shells | Dependence of velocity, radius and energy on orbit of electron

Page 5

Describe the shortcomings of Bohr's Theory | Describe the Sommerfeld atom model | Ionization energy of an atom | Energy levels for stationary states of a hydrogen atom | Problem based on energy difference between various levels of hydrogen spectrum | Franck and Herts Experiment | Conclusions from the plot of Franck and Hertz experiment

Page 6

Wavelength of different spectral lines | Wavelength of a spectral line emitted by mercury and sodium lamps | Rydberg constant | Wavelength of different spectral series | De Broglie's Justification of Bohr's Assumption | Isotopes | Relative Abundance of an isotope | Isobars | Isotones

Page 7

Nuclear density | Nuclear reaction vs Chemical reaction | Mass Energy Equivalence | Relationship between mass and energy | Energy equivalent of mass | Pair production and annihilation | Mass defect | Binding energy and binding energy per nucleon | Variation in binding energy per nucleon with mass number | Exoergic and Endoergic Reactions

Page 8

Properties of nuclear force | Potential energy variation as a function of their separation | Explain Cosmic ray showers | Explain construction of Bainbridge mass spectrometer to determine mass of nuclei | Describe baryons | Alpha,beta and gamma particles | The properties of alpha particles | Impact parameter

Page 9

The properties of beta particles | The properties of gamma radiations | Differentiate between alpha, beta and gamma radiations | Define background radiations and identify its sources | Explain the applications of radio-isotopes | Radioactivity and Artificial radioactivity | Uses of radioactivity | Radioactivity | Various kinds of radioactive decay occurring in nature | Law of radioactive decay

Page 10

Decay constant | Relationship between different units of radioactivity | Line of stability in a plot of number of neutrons vs protons | Half life of a radioactive substance | Exponential decay of radioactive species at which decay rate at a certain time is involved | Activity of a radioactive substance | Mean value of a radioactive substance | Fraction of substance decayed in a period of time

Page 11

Problem on first order disintegration | Sources of radiation | Describe Artificial transmutation | Change in nucleus due to alpha decay | Disintegration energy of a nuclear reaction | Change in nucleus due to beta decay | Examples of beta decay | Ground state | Problem based on gamma decays | Changes within the nucleus in alpha, beta and gamma emission

Page 12

Mass energy equivalence | Rest mass energy of a particle | Mass of an object moving at high speeds | Energy of an object moving at high speeds | Kinetic energy of a particle from difference of mass energy and rest mass energy | Momentum of a particle moving at high speeds | Relationship between energy and momentum of a particle having zero rest mass | Define the critical size of a substance to sustain nuclear fission | Calculate the energy released in a nuclear fission reaction | Working principle of nuclear weapons

Page 13

Nuclear reactor | Substances used in nuclear reactor | Multiplication factor with respect to nuclear reactions | Moderators in nuclear reactors | Safety measures in establishment of nuclear power plants and safe disposal of nuclear waste | Thermonuclear fusion | Examples of Nuclear Fusion Reactions | Energy generation in sun

Page 14

Energy generation in stars | Controlled thermonuclear reactions | Define Roentgen | Harmful effects of nuclear radiation | Hazards of nuclear energy | Radioactive Waste Management | Safety precautions to be taken while handling radioactive substances