Thermodynamics Concepts

   Wednesday, August 12, 2020   

Thermodynamics Concepts include all Definitions, Laws, Diagrams, Rules, Examples, Results etc.

Page 1

Thermodynamics | System and boundary | Closed and open systems | Intensive and Extensive properties | State variable | Zeroth law of thermodynamics | Hot and cold bodies | Identify feasibility of a physical scenario using Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics | Application of Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics | Difference between heat and temperature | Clinical Thermometer | Precautions Taken While Reading a Thermometer

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Significance of clinical thermometer to measure body temperatures | Precautions while using clinical thermometer | Importance of Laboratory Thermometer | Describe graduation of a mercury column on Celsius scale | Construction and working of types of thermometer | Fahrenheit Scale | Relation between various scales of temperature | Internal energy | Units of heat | Calorie | Heat | Factors affecting the amount of heat flow

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Heat and internal energy | Work done as area under PV curve | Work done in a cyclic process | Constant force applied on a piston of a cylinder | Work | Mechanical equivalent of heat | Heat can be generated from energy of motion | Effect of Heat | Work done by a gas | First Law of Thermodynamics

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Qualitative explanation of First Law of thermodynamics | Sign convention | Physical situation involving First Law of Thermodynamics | Heat required in a process | Isolated system | Cyclic Process | Plot of PV, TV and PT diagrams | Solve problems using first law where process is defined using PV-plot 

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Problem on first law where cyclic process is defined graphically | First Law of thermodynamics for isochoric process | First Law of thermodynamics for isobaric process | First Law for isothermal process | Solve problems using First Law involving piston and cylinder with constant external pressure | Isothermal piston cylinder | Calculate work done by a gas in a cylinder where piston is attached to a spring | First Law for adiabatic process | Adiabatic free expansion | Differential form of First law of Thermodynamics

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Perpetual Motion Machine | Vander Waal's equation of state | Path variable | Mathematical Condition for state variables | Molar Specific Heat Capacity | Specific heat capacity of polyatomic gas | Specific heat capacity of diatomic gas | Specific heat capacity of monatomic gas | Measuring specific heat capacity of a solid in calorimeter | Measuring specific heat capacity of a liquid in calorimeter

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Specific heat capacity for an adiabatic process | Specific heat capacity for an isothermal process | Rotational degree of freedom | Vibrational degrees of freedom | Cp/Cv for monoatomic,diatomic and polyatomic molecules | Specific heat capacity at constant volume | Specific heat capacity at constant pressure | Relation between Cp and Cv | Dulong and Petit's Law | Example of Dulong Petit's Law | Applicationof Dulong Petit's Law | Problems involving heat capacity

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Expanding liquid inside an expanding solid | Heat capacity | SI unit of heat capacity | Specific heat capacity of common substances | Quasi-static process | Isobaric Process | Work done in an isobaric process | PV diagram for an isobaric process | Work done in an isobaric process by PV curve | VT, PT graphs for an isobaric process

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Isochoric process | Work done in an isochoric process | PV,TV,PT diagrams for an isochoric process | Reversible process | Irreversible process | Isothermal process | PV diagram of an isothermal process | Work done in an isothermal process | Adiabatic process | P-V relation for an adiabatic process

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V-T relation for an adiabatic process | P-T relation for an adiabatic process | PV plot for an adiabatic process | VT Plot for adiabatic Process and its variation variation with ratio of specific heat capacities | PT plot of adiabatic Process and its variation with ratio of specific heat capacities | Work done in an adiabatic process | Adiabatic process | Adiabatic mixing of gases

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Adiabatic process in a piston cylinder process | Infering PV-plot | Work done in a polytropic process | Polytropic process | PV during a polytropic process | Polytropic process- relation between T and V | Polytropic process- relation between T and P | PV plot for a polytropic process

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TV plot of polytropic process and its variation with ratio of specific heat capacities | PT plot of polytropic process and understand variation with ratio of specific heat capacities | sources of Heat | Heat sink and heat source | Qualitative statement of Second Law of thermodynamics | Kelvin Planck statement | Clausius statement | Second Law in terms of efficiency | Physical examples of Second Law of Thermodynamics | Identify whether a process follows or violates Second Law of Thermodynamics

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Entropy | Entropy of the universe always increases | Entropy as a degree of randomness | Entropy for a given process | Entropy change in a Carnot cycle | Entropy change in a reversible process for an ideal gas | Reversible process for an ideal gas | Change in entropy in an irreversible process | Second Law in terms of entropy | Heat engine

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Efficiency of a heat engine | Limitations of Steam Engine | Working of a Steam Engine | Limitations of Steam Engine | Carnot's Theorem | Proof of Carnot's theorem | Steps in a Carnot cycle 

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PV diagram of a Carnot cycle | TS diagram of a Carnot Cycle | Carnot's cycle as a process of maximum efficiency | Efficiency of a carnot cycle | Refrigerator | Coefficient of performance of a heat pump | Performance of a heat pump | Work done and heat involved in different steps of a Carnot cycle