Analog & Digital Communication (English)

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Analog & Digital Communication (English)

   Monday, March 02, 2026   

Starting a new Lecture Notes Series on Analog & Digital Communication

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Analog & Digital Communication By Lecture Notes together!

Lecture 1: LECT-1 : INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

Lecture 2: LECT-2 : NEED OF MODULATION & CLASSIFICATION .

Lecture 3: LECT-3: AMPLITUDE MODULATION (AM/DSB-FC)

Lecture 4: LECT-4 : SINGLE TONE AM (DSB-FC) , TOTAL POWER & TRANSMISSION EFFICIENCY.

Lecture 5: LECT-5 : GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF AM/DSB-FC , % POWER SAVING , MULTI-TONE AM .

Lecture 6: LECT-6 : GENERATION OF AM/DSB-FC

Lecture 7: LECT-7 : DEMODULATION OF AM/DSB-FC

Lecture 8: LECT-8: DSB-SC MODULATION (TIME DOMAIN & FREQUENCY DOMAIN)

Lecture 9: LECT-9: GENERATION OF DSB-SC WAVE.

Lecture 10: LECT-10: DEMODULATION OF DSB-SC WAVE

Lecture 11: LECT-11 : SSB MODULATION (TIME DOMAIN & FREQUENCY DOMAIN DESCRIPTION)

Lecture 12: LECT-12 : GENERATION OF SSB WAVE

Lecture 13: LECT-13 : DEMODULATION OF SSB WAVE

Lecture 14: LECT-14 : VSB : INTRODUCTION & ITS GENERATION

Lecture 15: LECT-15 : DEMODULATION OF VSB WAVE

Lecture 16: LECT-16 : SUPERHETERODYNE RECEIVER & CONCEPT OF IMAGE SIGNAL

Lecture 17: LECT-17: ANGLE MODULATION ( PM & FM )

Lecture 18: LECT-18: PROPERTIES & RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PM & FM.

Lecture 19: LECT-19: (NBFM) NARROW BAND FREQUENCY MODULATION

Lecture 20: LECT-20: (WBFM) WIDE BAND FREQUENCY MODULATION

Lecture 21: LECT-21: TRANSMISSION BANDWIDTH OF FM (CARSON'S RULE)

Lecture 22: LECT-22: GENERATION OF FM WAVE (DIRECT & INDIRECT METHOD)

Lecture 23: LECT-23: DEMODULATION OF FM WAVE USING FREQUENCY DISCRIMINATOR.

Lecture 24: LECT-24: DEMODULATION OF FM WAVE USING PLL (PHASE LOCKED LOOP)

Lecture 25: LECT-25: Sampling , Aliasing & Nyquist Rate

Lecture 26: LECT-26: Generation of Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM)

Lecture 27: LECT-27: Demodulation of Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM)

Lecture 28: LECT-28: PPM (Pulse Position Modulation) & PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) : Generation & Detection.

Lecture 29: LECT-29: Quantization Process & Quantization noise

Lecture 30: LECT-30: Classification of Quantization process (Uniform & Non-uniform)

Lecture 31: LECT-31: PCM (Pulse Code Modulation) : Generation & Detection.

Lecture 32: LECT-32: DM (Delta Modulation) : Generation & Detection.

Lecture 33: LECT-33: ADM (Adaptive Delta Modulation - Delta-Sigma Modulation) : Generation & Detection.

Lecture 34: LECT-34: DPCM (Differential Pulse code Modulation) : Generation & Detection.

Lecture 35: LECT-35: Line Coding in Digital Communication

Lecture 36: LECT-36: Matched Filter : Baseband transmission of digital signals.

Lecture 37: LECT-37: Properties of Matched Filter.

Lecture 38: LECT-38: Numerical Problem -Matched Filter

Lecture 39: LECT-39: Inter symbol Interference (ISI) in Baseband transmission of binary data.

Lecture 40: LECT-40: Nyquist Criterion for zero ISI

Lecture 41: LECT-41: Nyquist solution & Raised Cosine roll off filter for Zero ISI.

Lecture 42: LECT-42: Eye Pattern & M-Array PAM system

Lecture 43: LECT-43: Equalization using Tapped Delay Line Filter.

Lecture 44: LECT-44 : Passband data transmission (INTRODUCTION)

Lecture 45: LECT-45: ASK - Signal Constellation diagram , PSD & Transmission Bandwidth.

Lecture 46: LECT-46: FSK - Signal Constellation diagram , PSD & Transmission Bandwidth.

Lecture 47: LECT-47: Probability / Random Variable / Random Process

Lecture 48: LECT-48 : Relation between Sample Space , Event & Probability

Lecture 49: LECT-49: Probability Mass function / Probability Distribution function

Lecture 50: LECT-50: PDF / Joint PDF / Marginal Density function / Conditional PDF

Lecture 51: LECT-51: Mean / Variance / Covariance

Lecture 52: LECT-52: Gaussian PDF / Distribution function(CDF)

Lecture 53: LECT-53: Introduction of Q-Function / Relation between PDF ,CDF & Q-function

Lecture 54: LECT-54: Relation between Q-function & Complementary Error function

Lecture 55: LECT-55: Effect of Gaussian Noise & Threshold Detection / Error Rate

Lecture 56: LECT-56 : Random Process

Lecture 57: LECT-57: Correlation / Autocorrelation / Wide Sense Stationary Random Processs

Lecture 58: LECT-58: Ergodicity /Ensemble Average/ Time Average

Lecture 59: LECT-59: Response of LTI system with RP as input

Lecture 60: LECT-60: Power Spectral Density / Properties

Lecture 61: LECT-61: Gaussian Process /White Noise

Lecture 62: LECT-62: Narrowband Noise

Lecture 63: LECT-63: Detection and Estimation in Digital Communication System

Lecture 64: LECT-64: Representation of finite energy signals as Vectors

Lecture 65: LECT-65: Estimation of known signal in AWGN Channel

Lecture 66: LECT-66: Maximum Likelihood Receiver

Lecture 67: LECT-67: Probability of error using Signal Constellation

Lecture 68: LECT-68: Noise in Analog Modulation /INTRODUCTION

Lecture 69: LECT-69: Noise in DSB-SC receivers (COHERENT DETECTION)

Lecture 70: LECT-70: Noise in AM receivers using Envelope Detector.

Lecture 71: LECT-71: Noise in AM-SSB Receiver

Lecture 72: LECT-72: Noise in FM Receiver

Lecture 73: LECT-73: Pre-emphasis & De-emphasis in FM

Class 12th Macroeconomics | Complete NCERT Course - All Chapters Available | New Session 2023-24 (CBSE/NCERT) (Hindi) (Part 6)

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Class 12th Macroeconomics | Complete NCERT Course - All Chapters Available | New Session 2023-24 (CBSE/NCERT) (Hindi) (Part 6)

   Monday, October 06, 2025   

Starting a new Lecture Notes Series on Class 12th Macroeconomics | Complete NCERT Course - All Chapters Available | New Session 2023-24 (CBSE/NCERT)

Youtube Lecture Playlist Credits 

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So Let Us Start to This Journey of Learning 

Class 12th Macroeconomics | Complete NCERT Course - All Chapters Available | New Session 2023-24 (CBSE/NCERT) By Lecture Notes together!

Lecture 214: Class 12 Economics | Aggregate Demand & Related Concepts (Sandeep Garg) - One Shot Summary 2023-24

Lecture 215: Excess Demand and Deficient Demand | ONE SHOT SUMMARY | Class 12 | MacroEconomics

Lecture 216: Money and Banking NCERT Solutions | Class 12 Macroeconomics Ch 3 | Class 12 Macroeconomics 2023-24

Lecture 217: Class 12 Macroeconomics - Meaning And Component of Aggregate Demand | Boards 2023-24

Lecture 218: Class 12 Macroeconomics | Aggregate Supply-Determination of Income And Employment

Lecture 219: Class 12 Macroeconomics | Consumption Function-Determination of Income And Employment

Lecture 220: Class 12 Macroeconomics | Saving Function - Determination of Income And Employment

Lecture 221: Propensity To Consume & Save - Class 12 Macroeconomics | Boards 2023-24

Lecture 222: Short run equilibrium output | Determination of Income | Macroeconomics | Class 12

Lecture 223: Determination of Equilibrium level of income /Output/Employment by AD-AS approach | Class 12 Eco

Lecture 224: Shift in Equilibrium - Impact of Additional Investment | Class 12 Macroeconomics | CBSE 2023-24

Lecture 225: Class 12 Macroeconomics | Investment Multiplier-Determination of Income and Employment

Lecture 226: Full Employment and Underemployment Equilibrium - Class 12 Economics | CBSE 2023-24

Lecture 227: Voluntary And Involuntary Unemployment - Determination Of Income And Employment Class 12 | CBSE

Lecture 228: Class 12 Macroeconomics | Deficient Demand - Problem of Deficient Demand and Excess Demand

Lecture 229: Full Employment and Natural Unemployment - Determination Of Income And Employment Class 12 | CBSE

Lecture 230: Problem of Excess Demand - Classs 12 Economics | CBSE 2023-24

Lecture 231: Concept & Objectives of Government Budget - Class 12 Macroeconomics | Boards 2023-24

Lecture 232: Objectives of Government Budget - Government Budget and the Economy | Class 12 Macroeconomics

Lecture 233: Fiscal Policy - Meaning And Definition | Class 12 Economics | CBSE 2023-24

Lecture 234: Monetary Policy - Meaning And Definition | Class 12 Economics | CBSE 2023-24

Lecture 235: Finding Unknown in Arithmetic Progression | Class 10 Maths 2023-24

Lecture 236: Structure / Components of Government Budget - Budget Expenditure | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 237: Balanced Budget and Unbalanced Budget - Government Budget | Economics Class 12

Lecture 238: Foreign Exchange Rate - Introduction | Class 12 Economics | CBSE 2023-24

Lecture 239: Flexible Exchange Rate - Foreign Exchange Rate | Class 12 Economics | CBSE 2023-24

Lecture 240: Fixed Exchange Rate - Foreign Exchange Rate | Class 12 Economics | CBSE 2023-24

Lecture 241: Managed Floating - Foreign Exchange Rate | Class 12 Economics | CBSE 2023-24

Lecture 242: Components Of Demand For Foreign Currency - Foreign Exchange Rate | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 243: Components Of Supply Of Foreign Currency - Foreign Exchange Rate | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 244: Foreign Exchange Market - Foreign Exchange Rate | Class 12 Economics | CBSE 2023-24

Lecture 245: Balance Of Payment Introduction | Class 12 Economics | CBSE 2023-24

Lecture 246: Components Of Bop Account- Current Account | Class 12 Economics | CBSE 2023-24

Lecture 247: Components Of Bop Account- Capital Account | Class 12 Economics | CBSE 2023-24

Lecture 248: Aggregate Demand, Aggregate Supply And Related Concepts - Ncert Questions | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 249: Class 12 Government Budget Revised in 1 Hour - Economics 2023- 24

Lecture 250: FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATE in One Shot - Everything Covered | Class 12th Macro Economics

Lecture 251: CBSE Class 12 | Money and Banking | All Most Important Questions | Economics 2023-24

Lecture 252: (MOST IMPORTANT QUESTION) Class - 12th Economics | Chapter - 1 Introduction of Macroeconomics

Lecture 253: MOST IMPORTANT QUESTION (Basic Concept of Macroeconomics) | Chapter - 2 | Class - 12th Economics

Class 12th Macroeconomics | Complete NCERT Course - All Chapters Available | New Session 2023-24 (CBSE/NCERT) (Hindi) (Part 5)

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Class 12th Macroeconomics | Complete NCERT Course - All Chapters Available | New Session 2023-24 (CBSE/NCERT) (Hindi) (Part 5)

   Monday, October 06, 2025   

Starting a new Lecture Notes Series on Class 12th Macroeconomics | Complete NCERT Course - All Chapters Available | New Session 2023-24 (CBSE/NCERT)

Youtube Lecture Playlist Credits 

Channel Name: ScoreShala

So Let Us Start to This Journey of Learning 

Class 12th Macroeconomics | Complete NCERT Course - All Chapters Available | New Session 2023-24 (CBSE/NCERT) By Lecture Notes together!

Lecture 172: Indian Economy (1950 -1990) - Questions& Answer | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 173: Importance Of Agriculture in the Indian Economic Development | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 174: Features Of Indian Agriculture - Indian Economic Development | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 175: Problems Of Indian Agriculture - Indian Economic Development | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 176: Agrarian Reforms in Indian Agriculture - Indian Economic Development | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 177: The Lingering Challenges Of Rural Development & Agriculture Rural Marketing | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 178: Introduction To Macroeconomics | Class 12 Economics Chapter 1

Lecture 179: Difference Between Macroeconomics And Microeconomics - Class 12 Economics

Lecture 180: Classification Of Goods - Final Goods And Intermediate Goods Class 12 | Economics

Lecture 181: Classification Of Goods - Consumption Goods And Capital Goods Class 12 | Economics

Lecture 182: Components Of Consumption Expenditure Class 12 - Macroeconomics | Economics

Lecture 183: Components Of Investment Class 12 - Macroeconomics (Complete Explanation)

Lecture 184: Stock And Flows Income Class 12 - Complete Explanation | Macroeconomics

Lecture 185: Indian Economy On The Eve Of Independence Class 12 - Economics (ONE SHOT)

Lecture 186: The Four Sectors Of Economy Class 12 - Macroeconomics

Lecture 187: Intersectoral Flows Real And Money Flows Class 12 - Macroeconomics

Lecture 188: CIRCULAR FLOWS OF INCOME - Complete Explanation | Class 12 Macroeconomics

Lecture 189: Concepts Of National Income In Hindi - National Income Class 12 - Economy

Lecture 190: DOMESTIC AND NATIONAL CONCEPTS OF INCOME Class 12 - Economics

Lecture 191: GROSS AND NET CONCEPTS OF DOMESTIC PRODUCT Class 12 - Economics

Lecture 192: Domestic Product (GDP) At Market Price And At Factor Cost - Class 12 Macroeconomics

Lecture 193: National Income And Related Aggregates Class 12 - Economics

Lecture 194: Real GDP And Nominal GDP - Complete Explanation | Class 12 Macroeconomics

Lecture 195: GDP AND WELFARE Class 12 - Economics | National Income Accounting

Lecture 196: Value Added Method Class 12 - National Income Accounting | Macroeconomics

Lecture 197: Income Method Class 12 - Economics | National Income Accounting

Lecture 198: Expenditure Method Of National Income Class 12 - Economics

Lecture 199: Evolution Of Money In Economics - Money And Banking Class 12

Lecture 200: Forms Of Money Class 12th - Macroeconomics | Money And Banking

Lecture 201: Supply Of Money Class 12 - Economics | Money And Banking

Lecture 202: Credit Creation By Commercial Banks Class 12 - Economics | Money And Banking

Lecture 203: Central Bank Class 12 - Macroeconomics | Money And Banking

Lecture 204: Credit Control By RBI Class 12 - Macroeconomics | Money And Banking

Lecture 205: Money & Banking - One shot (Complete revision) | Class 12 Economics | CBSE 2023-24

Lecture 206: Macroeconomics Introduction NCERT Solutions (Questions and Answers) - Class 12

Lecture 207: INTRODUCTION TO MACROECONOMICS Summary - Everything Covered | Class 12th Economics

Lecture 208: Indian economy 1950- 1990 | Class 12 Economics Board exam 2023 | ONE SHOT Revision Summary

Lecture 209: MONEY & BANKING in 1 Shot - Summary (Everything Covered) | Class 12th Macro Economics

Lecture 210: Class 12th – Short run Equilibrium Output (Summary) | Economics 2023-24

Lecture 211: Basic Concepts Of Macro Economics - Concept Mapping & Revision Summary | Class 12th Economics

Lecture 212: NATIONAL INCOME & Related Aggregates - All Concepts (SUMMARY) | Class 12 Macro Economics

Lecture 213: Methods of Calculating National Income (Full Chapter Summary) | Class 12 Macro Economics

Class 12th Macroeconomics | Complete NCERT Course - All Chapters Available | New Session 2023-24 (CBSE/NCERT) (Hindi) (Part 4)

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Class 12th Macroeconomics | Complete NCERT Course - All Chapters Available | New Session 2023-24 (CBSE/NCERT) (Hindi) (Part 4)

   Monday, October 06, 2025   

Starting a new Lecture Notes Series on Class 12th Macroeconomics | Complete NCERT Course - All Chapters Available | New Session 2023-24 (CBSE/NCERT)

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Class 12th Macroeconomics | Complete NCERT Course - All Chapters Available | New Session 2023-24 (CBSE/NCERT) By Lecture Notes together!

Lecture 130: Economics Class 12 | Unit 4 - FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATE - Complete Introduction

Lecture 131: Economics Class 12 | Unit 4 - FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATE - Foreign Exchange Market

Lecture 132: Class 12 Economics | Most Important Questions - Foreign Exchange Rate (Unit 4)

Lecture 133: Class 12 Economics | Previous Year Question Paper Solution 2020 - SET 3

Lecture 134: Class 12 Economics | Previous Year Question Paper Solution 2020 - SET 4

Lecture 135: Colonial Exploitation of Indian Economy under the British Rule | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 136: Features of Indian Economy on the Eve of Independence | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 137: Agricultural Sector on the Eve of Independence | Chapter 1 | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 138: Class 12 Economics | Chapter 1 | Foreign Trade Under British Rule

Lecture 139: Demographic Profile During The British Rule | Chapter 1 | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 140: Occupational Structure on the Eve of Independence | Chapter 1 - Class 12 Economics

Lecture 141: Infrastructure on the Eve of Independence | Chapter 1 | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 142: Indian Economy on the Eve of Independence - Important Questions 🔥 | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 143: Economic Reforms Since 1991 or Economic Policy - Introduction | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 144: Need of Nep or Economic Reforms | Unit 2 | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 145: Elements of NEP - Liberalisation | Unit 2 | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 146: Class 12 Economics | Elements of NEP - Privatisation | Unit 2

Lecture 147: ELEMENTS OF NEP - GLOBALISATION | Unit 2 | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 148: An Appraisal of LPG Policies - Economic Reforms since 1991 | Unit 2 Class 12 Economics

Lecture 149: Human Capital & Human Capital Formation - Explained | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 150: Human Capital Formation and Economic Growth | Unit 3 Class 12 Economics

Lecture 151: Problem Facing Human Capital Formation in India | Unit 3 Class 12 Economics

Lecture 152: Sources of Human Capital Formation | Unit 3 | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 153: CHALLENGES OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT | Class 12 Economics Unit 3

Lecture 154: Five Year Plans in India ,Goals and Achievement - Introduction | Indian Economy (1950-1990)

Lecture 155: Direct Planning & Comprehensive Planning | Class 12 Economics | Indian Economy (1950-1990)

Lecture 156: Types Of Economies - Capitalist, Socialist & Mixed Economies | Class 12 Indian Economy

Lecture 157: Features of Economic Policy Pursued Under Planning Till 1991 | Class 12 Indian Economy

Lecture 158: Success ( Achievement) of Planning | Economics Class 12 - Indian Economy

Lecture 159: Failures of Planning in India | Economics Class 12 - Indian Economy (1950 -1990)

Lecture 160: Industrial Sector on The Eve of Independence | Chapter 1 | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 161: Education As An Essential Element Of Human Resource development | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 162: Long Period & Short Period Goals of Planning in India | Class 12 Indian Economy (1950 -1990)

Lecture 163: Importance Of Industry - Strategy Of Industrial Growth (1947 - 1990) | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 164: The Lingering Challenges Of Rural Development & Rural Credit | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 165: The Emerging Challenge Of rural Development | Class 12 Economics - Indian Economy Development

Lecture 166: The Challenge Of Agriculture Rural Marketing & Development - Question & Answer | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 167: Economic Reforms Since 1991 or Economic Policy - Question & Answer | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 168: Factors Necessitating Participation in Industrial Development | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 169: Industrial Policy Resolution 1956 | A Declaration On Leading Role Of State | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 170: Small Scale Industry | Goals Of Employment & Equity | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 171: Strategy Of Industrial Growth 1947 to 1990 - Questions & Answer | Class 12 Economics

Class 12th Macroeconomics | Complete NCERT Course - All Chapters Available | New Session 2023-24 (CBSE/NCERT) (Hindi) (Part 3)

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Class 12th Macroeconomics | Complete NCERT Course - All Chapters Available | New Session 2023-24 (CBSE/NCERT) (Hindi) (Part 3)

   Monday, October 06, 2025   

Starting a new Lecture Notes Series on Class 12th Macroeconomics | Complete NCERT Course - All Chapters Available | New Session 2023-24 (CBSE/NCERT)

Youtube Lecture Playlist Credits 

Channel Name: ScoreShala

So Let Us Start to This Journey of Learning 

Class 12th Macroeconomics | Complete NCERT Course - All Chapters Available | New Session 2023-24 (CBSE/NCERT) By Lecture Notes together!

Lecture 88: The State Of Infrastructure In India - Part 1 | Indian Economic Development - Class 12 Economics

Lecture 89: The State Of Infrastructure In India - Part 2 | Indian Economic Development - Class 12 Economics

Lecture 90: ENVIRONMENT- Indian Economic Development | Class 12 Economics | Macroeconomics | CBSE

Lecture 91: Causes Of Environmental Degradation - Indian Economic Development | Class 12 Economics | CBSE

Lecture 92: Sustainable Development - Indian Economic Development | Class 12 Economics | Macroeconomics

Lecture 93: Class 12 Macroeconomics | Strategy of Growth of India Pakistan & China (Unit 4)

Lecture 94: Class 12 Macroeconomics | Comparative Performance Of India, Pakistan & China

Lecture 95: Class 12 Macroeconomics | Common Success Story of India & Pakistan

Lecture 96: Class 12 Macroeconomics National Income & Related Aggregates - Important Questions Part 1

Lecture 97: Class 12 Macroeconomics | National Income & Related Aggregates - Important Questions Part 2

Lecture 98: Class 12 Macroeconomics | National Income & Related Aggregates - Important Questions Part 3

Lecture 99: Class 12 Macroeconomics National Income & Related Aggregates - Important Questions Part 4

Lecture 100: Class 12 Macroeconomics | National Income & Related Aggregates - Formula's

Lecture 101: Class 12 Macroeconomics - SAMPLE PAPER SOLUTION | CBSE 2022

Lecture 102: Class 12 Macroeconomics | National Income - NCERT Important Questions

Lecture 103: Class 12 Macroeconomics | Determination of Income and Employment - NCERT Solutions

Lecture 104: Class 12 Macroeconomics | NATIONAL INCOME - Previous Year Questions with Answers

Lecture 105: Previous Year Question Paper Class 12 Economics | Unit 4

Lecture 106: Class 12 Macroeconomics | Current Challenges Facing Economy - NCERT Questions

Lecture 107: Previous Year Question & Answers Class 12 Economics | Unit 2

Lecture 108: Class 12 Economics | Previous Year Question Paper | NCERT BOOK

Lecture 109: Class 12 Economics | What is Evolution of Money - Money and Banking | NCERT Book

Lecture 110: Class 12 Economics | Explain Forms Of Money - Money and Banking | NCERT Book

Lecture 111: Class 12 Economics | Unit 1 Money and Banking - The Central Bank | NCERT Book

Lecture 112: Class 12 Economics | Unit 1 | Money Creation by the Commercial Bank

Lecture 113: Class 12 Economics | Unit 1 | Quantitative Instrument of Credit Control

Lecture 114: Determination of Income & Employment - Important Questions | Economics 12th [Term 2]

Lecture 115: Class 12 Economics | Unit 2 - Explain the Concept of Government Budget

Lecture 116: Class 12 Macroeconomics | Unit 2 - OBJECTIVES OF GOVERNMENT BUDGET

Lecture 117: Determination of Income & Employment - Important Questions | Economics 12th [Term 2]

Lecture 118: Components of Government Budget - Budget Receipts | Unit 2 | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 119: Components of Government Budget - Budget Expenditure (Unit 2) | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 120: Revenue Deficit, Fiscal Deficit & Primary Deficit (Unit 2) | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 121: Balanced and Unbalanced Budget - Government Budget (Unit 2) | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 122: Introduction of Balance of Payments - Unit 3 | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 123: Class 12 Economics | Components of Balance of Payments - Current Account (Unit 3)

Lecture 124: Class 12 Economics | Components of Balance of Payments - Capital Account (Unit 3)

Lecture 125: Class 12 Economics | Components of Balance of Payments - Official Reserves Account (Unit 3)

Lecture 126: Equilibrium & Disequilibrium in Balance Of Payment (Unit 2) | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 127: Some Vital Differences - Balance Of Payment (Unit 3) | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 128: Class 12 Economics | Most Important Questions - Balance Of Payment (Unit 3)

Lecture 129: Class 12 Economics | FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATE - Flexible Exchange Rate (Unit 4)

Class 12th Macroeconomics | Complete NCERT Course - All Chapters Available | New Session 2023-24 (CBSE/NCERT) (Hindi) (Part 2)

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Class 12th Macroeconomics | Complete NCERT Course - All Chapters Available | New Session 2023-24 (CBSE/NCERT) (Hindi) (Part 2)

   Saturday, September 27, 2025   

Starting a new Lecture Notes Series on Class 12th Macroeconomics | Complete NCERT Course - All Chapters Available | New Session 2023-24 (CBSE/NCERT)

Youtube Lecture Playlist Credits 

Channel Name: ScoreShala

So Let Us Start to This Journey of Learning 

Class 12th Macroeconomics | Complete NCERT Course - All Chapters Available | New Session 2023-24 (CBSE/NCERT) By Lecture Notes together!

Lecture 46: Class 12 slope of C-Line MPS- Determination Of Income And | Macroeconomics Class 12 | CBSE | CUET

Lecture 47: Saving Function Class 12 | Determination Of Income And Employment | Macroeconomics Class 12 | CBSE

Lecture 48: Class 12 Slope Of S-line MPS | Determination Of Income And Employment | Macroeconomics Class 12 CBSE

Lecture 49: Determination of Equilibrium Income & Output GDP - Economics Class 12 | CBSE | NCERT

Lecture 50: S & I Approach & Equilibrium GDP or Equilibrium Income - Economics Class 12 | CBSE | NCERT

Lecture 51: Determination Of Income And Employment Class 12- Types of Investment | | Macroeconomics Class 12 |

Lecture 52: Investment Multiplier Class 12 Economics- Determination of Income & Employment | CBSE | NCERT

Lecture 53: Multiplier Mechanism class 12 - Determination of Income & Employment | CBSE | NCERT | Economics

Lecture 54: Full and Under Employment Equilibrium Level - Determination Of Income And Employment Class 12

Lecture 55: Voluntary And Involuntary Unemployment - Determination Of Income And Employment Class 12 | CBSE

Lecture 56: Concept Of Aggregate Demand With Schedule And Graph | Macroeconomics Class 12 | CBSE | NCERT

Lecture 57: Components Of Aggregate Demand - Part 1 | economics | class 12 | | CBSE | CUET | NCERT

Lecture 58: Components Of Aggregate Demand - Part 2 | economics | class 12 | | CBSE | CUET | NCERT

Lecture 59: Aggregate Supply | Components | Schedule | Graph | Macroeconomics Class 12 | CBSE | NCERT

Lecture 60: Relationship Between Propensity To Consume And Save | Macroeconomics Class 12 | CBSE | CUET | NCERT

Lecture 61: Short Run Equilibrium Output (GDP)- Determination Of Income And Employment Class 12 | Macroeconomics

Lecture 62: Frictional and Structural Unemployment- Determination Of Income And Employment Class 12 | CBSE

Lecture 63: MEASUREMENT OF DEFICIENT DEMAND- Determination Of Income And Employment Class 12 | CBSE | Economics

Lecture 64: Explain Causes of Deficient Demand-Determination Of Income And Employment Class 12 |CBSE | Economics

Lecture 65: Consequences of deficient & Four Critical Situations in Economy | Class 12 Macroeconomics | NCERT

Lecture 66: Concept and Measurement of Excess Demand-Determination Of Income And Employment Class 12 | Economics

Lecture 67: Consequences of Excess AD & Four Critical Situations in Economy | Class 12 Macroeconomics | Economic

Lecture 68: Measure to Correct Deficient & Excess Demand -Fiscal Policy | Class 12 Macroeconomics | Economics

Lecture 69: Measures to Correct Deficient & Excess Demand - Monetary Policy | Class 12 Macroeconomics | NCERT

Lecture 70: Determination Of Income And Employment Class 12- Solved Questions | Macroeconomics Class 12 | CBSE

Lecture 71: Shift in Equilibrium - Impact of Additional Investment | Class 12 Macroeconomics | Economics | CBSE

Lecture 72: Determination Of Income And Employment Class 12- Solved Questions | Macroeconomics Class 12 | CBSE

Lecture 73: Determination Of Income And Employment Class 12- Solved Questions | Macroeconomics Class 12 | CBSE

Lecture 74: Poverty - Absolute Poverty and Relative Poverty-Indian Economic Development | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 75: Indian Economic Development - Poverty Line | Class 12 Economics | NCERT | Macroeconomics

Lecture 76: Causes Of Poverty Class 12 - Indian Economic Development | Class 12 Economics | Macroeconomics

Lecture 77: Measures To Remove Poverty - Poverty | Class 12 Economics | Indian Economic Development

Lecture 78: Government Approach To Remove Poverty - Poverty | Class 12 Economics | Indian Economic Development

Lecture 79: Participation Rate In India Class 12 - Indian Economic Development | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 80: Occupation Structure | Jobless Growth | Indian Economic Development | Class 12 Economics | CBSE

Lecture 81: Casualisation and Informalisation of Workforce- Indian Economic Development | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 82: Rural and Urban Unemployment In India - Indian Economic Development | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 83: Causes Of Unemployment | Indian Economic Development - Class 12 Economics | Macroeconomics

Lecture 84: Suggestions to Solve the Problem of Unemployment in India- Class 12 Economics | Macroeconomics

Lecture 85: Infrastructure | Indian Economic Development - Class 12 Economics | Macroeconomics

Lecture 86: Employment and Unemployment | Indian Economic Development - Class 12 Economics | Macroeconomics

Lecture 87: Infrastructure and Development Class 12 | Indian Economic Development - Class 12 Economics

Class 12th Macroeconomics | Complete NCERT Course - All Chapters Available | New Session 2023-24 (CBSE/NCERT) (Hindi) (Part 1)

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Class 12th Macroeconomics | Complete NCERT Course - All Chapters Available | New Session 2023-24 (CBSE/NCERT) (Hindi) (Part 1)

   Saturday, September 27, 2025   

Starting a new Lecture Notes Series on Class 12th Macroeconomics | Complete NCERT Course - All Chapters Available | New Session 2023-24 (CBSE/NCERT)

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Class 12th Macroeconomics | Complete NCERT Course - All Chapters Available | New Session 2023-24 (CBSE/NCERT) By Lecture Notes together!

Lecture 1: Class 12 Macro Economics ONE SHOT (Summary + Complete Revision) | Boards 2023 | Economics

Lecture 2: Most Important Questions Of Macroeconomics Class 12 | Economics Complete Roadmap

Lecture 3: Previous Year Question Paper Class 12 Economics | Board Exam 2023-2024 | Most Important Questions

Lecture 4: Economics class 12 - most important questions | half yearly exams 2023 | Economics half yearly exam

Lecture 5: 25 - Most Important Questions | Class 12 Economics | Board Exam 2023-2024 | Macroeconomics

Lecture 6: INTRODUCTION TO MACROECONOMICS in 1 Shot - Everything Covered | Class 12th Economics

Lecture 7: Some Basic Concepts Of Macroeconomics Class 12 - Full Chapter | Economics

Lecture 8: National Income And Related Aggregates Class 12 - FULL CHAPTER 🔥 | Class 12 Macroeconomics

Lecture 9: Methods of Calculating National Income Class 12 - All methods in 1 video | Boards 2023

Lecture 10: Money And Banking Class 12 - FULL Chapter | Macroeconomics Class 12 Chapter 1

Lecture 11: Development Experience 1947-90 - Important Questions | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 12: Development Experience 1947-90 | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 13: Economic Reforms Since 1991 Class 12 - Complete Summary | Macroeconomics | CBSE Class 12

Lecture 14: Sustainable Economic Development Class 12 | Full Summary | Class 12 Economics Chapter 9

Lecture 15: National Income Accounting Economics Class 12 - Overview | Economics | CBSE Class12

Lecture 16: Comparative Development Experience Of India And Its Neighbours Class 12 - FULL SUMMARY | Economics

Lecture 17: Items Included Or Excluded In National Income -National Income Accounting | Economics Class 12

Lecture 18: National Income | Value Added Method | Concept and Numericals | Class 12 Economics

Lecture 19: National Income | Numerical Income Method | Economics | Class 12 Macroeconomics

Lecture 20: Class 12 Macroeconomics | Determination of Income And Employment - Overview | Economics

Lecture 21: Class 12 Macroeconomics | National Income and related aggregates - Introduction

Lecture 22: Class 12 Macroeconomics | Intermediate Goods And Final Goods-National Income Accounting

Lecture 23: Consumer And Capital Goods Class 12 - National Income Accounting | Class 12 Macroeconomics

Lecture 24: Fixed Investment And Inventory Investment- National Income Accounting | Class 12 Macroeconomics

Lecture 25: Gross Investment And Net Investment Class 12- National Income Accounting | Class 12 Macroeconomics

Lecture 26: Concept Of Depreciation- National Income Accounting | Class 12 Macroeconomics

Lecture 27: Stocks And Flows Class 12- National Income Accounting | Class 12 Macroeconomics

Lecture 28: Real Flow And Money Flow- National Income Accounting | Class 12 Macroeconomics

Lecture 29: Circular Flow Of Income Class 12- National Income Accounting | Class 12 Macroeconomics

Lecture 30: Normal Residents And Factor Income Class 12 - National Income Accounting | Class 12 Macroeconomics

Lecture 31: Domestic And National Concepts Of Income- National Income Accounting | Class 12 Macroeconomics

Lecture 32: National Income And Related Aggregates | Economics Macroeconomics | Class 12

Lecture 33: Nominal GDP Vs Real GDP In Hindi - National Income Accounting | Class 12 Macroeconomics

Lecture 34: National Income - VALUE ADDED METHOD (Product Method)| Class 12 Macroeconomics

Lecture 35: Class 12 Macroeconomics Chapter 2 | Value Added Method (Part-2) | National Income Accounting

Lecture 36: Class 12 Macroeconomics Chapter 2 | Income Method Of National Income

Lecture 37: Precautions Of Income Method Class 12 | National Income Accounting

Lecture 38: Class 12 Macroeconomics Chapter 2 | Expenditure method- National Income Accounting

Lecture 39: Class 12 Macroeconomics Chapter 2 | Precautions Of Expenditure Method - National Income Accounting

Lecture 40: Class 12 Macroeconomics Chapter 2 | National Income Accounting- Examples

Lecture 41: Class 12 Macroeconomics Chapter 2 | National Income Accounting- Examples (Part 1)

Lecture 42: Class 12 Macroeconomics Chapter 2 | National Income Accounting- Examples (Part 2)

Lecture 43: Class 12 Macroeconomics | Ch 2 | Investment - Fixed and Inventory Investment

Lecture 44: Determination Of Income And Employment Class 12- Introduction | Macroeconomics Class 12 CBSE | CUET

Lecture 45: Consumption Function-Determination Of Income And Employment | Macroeconomics Class 12 | CBSE | NCERT

TOC | TAFL | Automata | Theory Of Computation | Theory of Automata |Theory of Automata and Formal Languages| Aktu tafl (Hindi) (Part 2)

LECTURE SERIES SCIENCE SERIES

TOC | TAFL | Automata | Theory Of Computation | Theory of Automata |Theory of Automata and Formal Languages| Aktu tafl (Hindi) (Part 2)

   Tuesday, August 19, 2025   

Starting a new Lecture Notes Series on TOC | TAFL | Automata | Theory Of Computation | Theory of Automata |Theory of Automata and Formal Languages| Aktu tafl

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TOC | TAFL | Automata | Theory Of Computation | Theory of Automata |Theory of Automata and Formal Languages| Aktu tafl By Lecture Notes together!

Lecture 52: Lec 51 | Regular Language | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 53: Lec 52 | Closure Properties of Regular Languages | Regular Language | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 54: Lec 53 | Homomorphism Closure Property of Regular Language | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 55: Lec 54 | Pumping Lemma with EX-1 | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 56: Lec 55 | Pumping Lemma Ex-2 | Regular Language | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 57: Lec 56 | Pumping Lemma Ex-3 | Regular Language | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 58: Lec 57 | Grammar | Grammar to Language | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 59: Lec 58 | Grammar to Language Examples | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 60: Lec 59 | Language to Grammar Ex-1 | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 61: Lec 60 | Language to Grammar Ex-2 | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 62: Lec 61 | Context Free Grammar | Type 2 Grammar | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 63: Lec 62 | Ambiguous Grammar | Grammar | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 64: Lec 63 | Simplification of Context Free Grammar | Context Free Grammar | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 65: Lec 64 | CFG Normal Forms | Context Free Grammar | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 66: Lec 65 | CFG to CNF Conversion Ex-1 | Context Free Grammar | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 67: Lec 66 | CFG to CNF Conversion Ex-2 | Context Free Grammar | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 68: Lec 67 | CFG to GNF (Greibach Normal Form) Conversion | Context Free Grammar | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 69: Lec 68 | Push Down Automata (PDA) | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 70: Lec 69 | Push Down Automata Ex-1 | PDA | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 71: Lec 70 | Push Down Automata Ex-2 | PDA | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 72: Lec 71 | Push Down Automata Ex-3 | PDA | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 73: Lec 72 | Push Down Automata Ex-4 | PDA | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 74: Lec 73 | Push Down Automata Ex-5 | PDA | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 75: Lec 74 | Instantaneous Description (ID) of PDA | Push Down Automata | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 76: Lec 75 | Push Down Automata Ex-6 | PDA | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 77: Lec 76 | Push Down Automata Ex-7 | PDA | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 78: Lec 77 | Push Down Automata Ex-8 | PDA | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 79: Lec 78 | PDA to CFG Conversion Ex -1 | Push Down Automata | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 80: Lec 79 | PDA to CFG Conversion Ex -2 | Push Down Automata | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 81: Lec 80 | CFG to PDA Conversion Ex-1 | Push Down Automata | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 82: Lec 81 | Two Stack PDA | Overview & Ex-1 | Push Down Automata | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 83: Lec 82 | 2 Stack PDA Ex-2 | Push Down Automata | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 84: Lec 83 | Turing Machine | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 85: Lec 84 | Instantaneous Description (ID) of TM | Turing Machine | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 86: Lec 85 | Turing Machine Ex-1 | Turing Machine | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 87: Lec 86 | Turing Machine Ex-2 | Turing Machine | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 88: Lec 87 | Post Correspondence Problem | Turing Machine | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 89: Lec 88 | Church Turing Thesis | Universal Turing Machine (UTM) | Turing Machine | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 90: Lec 89 | Recursive & Recursive Enumerable Language | Turing Machine | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 91: Lec 90 | Properties of Recursive & Recursive Enumerable Language | Turing Machine | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 92: Lec- 91|Variants of Turing Machine -1|Multi-tape Turing Machine|Offline Turing Machine|@fistsAcademy

Lecture 93: Lec 92|Variants of Turing Machine -2|Multi-Dimensional|Multi-Track|Non-Deterministic |@fistsAcademy​

Lecture 94: Lec 93 | Linear Bounded Automata (LBA) | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 95: Lec 94 | Halting Problem of Turing Machine | Turing Machine | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 96: Lec 95 | Turing Machine Ex-3 | TM for Palindromes of a's and b's of any length | @fistsAcademy

Lecture 97: Lec 96 | Turing Machine Ex-4 | TM for Language of strings with same 1st & 2nd half | @fistsAcademy